In my opinion, quantum mechanics is an ab initio model because you cannot go smaller. Materials use atoms as building blocks, so an atomic theory is the basis for understanding the set of atoms.
In classical mechanics, you can replace an entire object with its centre of mass and you can perfectly predict its motion. In a sense, you also cannot get smaller as in the case of QM. Larger systems (such as galaxies) can then be described by applying the laws of motion to each body.
Classical electrodynamics is also an ab initio model because you can predict anything with the Maxwell equations.