“Why do we call quantum physics an ab initio model? Why do we call classical mechanics an ab initio model? Is classical electromagnetism an ab initio model (and if it is one, what are its first principles)?
The reason that we call quantum physics an ab initio model is because it explains the world with basic laws of nature, the very beginning. Classical mechanics is also an ab initio model with Newton’s Law as the first principle. As for classical electromagnetism, I think it is also an ab initio model with Coulomb’s Law and Maxwell’s equation as first principles.